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A report in journalism is a form of journalistic writing that aims to provide objective information about current events, news or topics. Reports are usually written to present the facts and inform readers about what happened, without introducing the author's personal opinions or comments. Here are some important characteristics of a journalistic report:
Objectivity: A journalistic report should be as objective as possible. This means that the author presents the information neutrally and unbiasedly, without introducing personal opinions or judgments.
Currency: Reports focus on current events or news. They inform readers about what has just happened or what happened recently.
Fact-based: A report is based on verifiable facts and information. Journalists conduct research to ensure that the information presented is accurate and reliable.
Clarity and precision: Reports are usually written clearly and precisely. You use clear, factual language to convey the information in an understandable way.
Structure: Reports often follow a fixed structure called "messaging style." This usually includes the “5 W questions”: who, what, where, when and why. A good report answers these questions and provides all relevant information.
Quotes and Sources: Journalistic reports may include quotes from eyewitnesses, experts or relevant people to support the information and increase credibility. It is important to clearly identify the sources of the information.
Headline: A report is often accompanied by a concise headline that summarizes the main topic or message of the report.
Editorial standards: Journalistic reports should adhere to certain editorial standards and ethics rules to ensure the accuracy, impartiality and integrity of reporting.
Reports are a basic form of journalistic writing and are used in newspapers, news websites, magazines, radio and television to convey news and information to the public. They serve to keep readers informed about important events and to provide them with facts from which they can draw their own conclusions.
Specialist journalism refers to a form of journalism that focuses on reporting on specialised topics or areas of expertise. Unlike general journalism, which covers a wide range of topics, specialist journalism is focused on specific industries, areas of interest or expertise. This type of journalism aims to provide professionals, experts and interested parties with in-depth and specialised information. Here are some important characteristics of specialised journalism:
Specialisation: Specialised journalists usually specialise in certain fields, such as medicine, science, technology, business, law, environment, education, sports or culture. They often have in-depth training or experience in their particular field.
Target audience: The target audience of specialised journalism is usually people who have a strong interest or professional connection to a particular field. These can be professionals, researchers, academics, entrepreneurs or enthusiasts.
Target audience: The target audience of specialist journalism is usually people who have a strong interest or professional connection to a particular field.
Depth and expertise: Specialist journalists are able to produce in-depth and detailed reports that go beyond what can be found in general news sources. They often have access to expertise and experts in their field.
Specialist language and terminology: Specialist journalism often uses specialist terminology and language that may be difficult for lay people to understand. This makes it possible to provide precise and accurate information, but is also a challenge when communicating with a broader audience.
Quality control: Due to specialisation, specialist journalists are often particularly careful about checking and verifying information, as errors or inaccuracies in their field can have serious consequences.
Reporting formats: Specialist journalism can occur in a variety of media formats, including trade journals, academic journals, online publications, blogs and news articles in the mass media.
Timeliness: Specialist journalists report on current developments and trends in their field and can often respond more quickly to specific issues than general news sources.
Specialist journalism plays an important role in providing professionals and interested parties with high-quality and accurate information that is critical to their work, research or interests. This type of journalism can help expand the knowledge base in specialised fields and contribute to the advancement of expertise and innovation.
Film journalism is a form of journalism that uses images and photographs as the main means of reporting and communicating news and stories. Photojournalism uses visual elements to convey information, events, emotions and stories. Here are some important features and aspects of photojournalism:
Photography: Photojournalism is primarily based on photography. Photojournalists are responsible for documenting important moments, events and people with their cameras, and creating visual stories.
Fiction journalists are responsible for creating visual stories.
News photography: News photographers specialise in capturing current events, news and stories in pictures. This can include coverage of political events, natural disasters, social issues, sporting events and much more.
News Photography: News photographers specialise in capturing current events, news and stories in images.
Picture selection: In picture editing, photos are selected that best convey the news or story. This often requires careful selection from hundreds or thousands of shots.
Picture captions: Captions or descriptions are texts that accompany the images and provide additional information. They help readers understand the context of the photos.
Reportage photography: Reportage photographers often work on longer projects and create photo reportages about specific topics, places or communities. These reportages can offer in-depth insights into complex stories.
Documentary photography: Documentary photography focuses on documenting daily life, social change and historical events. It can include historical photographs and cultural documentation.
Documentary photography.
Crisis photography: Crisis photographers work in conflict areas, natural disasters and dangerous situations to uncover and document the effects of crises.
Photo essays: Photo essays are stories or reports told mainly through a sequence of images. They are often published in magazines and journals.
Online presence: In the digital era, photojournalism has also gained prominence online. Photographs are shared and commented upon on news websites, social media and online platforms.
Film journalism plays a crucial role in conveying information and creating visual narratives that can reach people around the world. Images can bring emotion, authenticity and depth to reporting and create an immediate connection between viewers and events. At the same time, ethical issues are important in photojournalism, as the selection and editing of photos can strongly influence perceptions of reality.
Consumer journalism is a form of journalism that focuses on providing consumers with information, advice and analysis to help them make purchasing decisions and protect their interests as consumers. This type of journalism aims to bring transparency to the marketplace, educate consumers about products, services and companies, and highlight potential risks and benefits. Here are some important features and aspects of consumer journalism:
Product reviews: Consumer journalists often conduct product tests and reviews to examine the quality, performance and reliability of products and services. These reviews can be published in magazines, newspapers, online media and on TV channels.
Product reviews: Consumer journalists often conduct product tests and reviews to check the quality, performance and reliability of products and services.
Advice: Consumer journalism offers advice and recommendations on topics such as shopping, finance, health, food, travel, technology and more. This can include tips on budgeting, saving, choosing insurance or avoiding scams.
Revelations: Consumer journalists can uncover and report on corporate malpractice, deception or fraudulent practices. This can help protect consumers from harmful products or services.
Consumer rights: Consumer journalism can raise awareness of consumer rights and laws and inform readers on how they can claim their rights.
Industry developments: Journalists in this section report on developments in various industries that may have an impact on consumers. These include changes in legislation, price fluctuations, trends and innovations.
Scandals and recalls: When product scandals or recalls occur, consumer journalism informs the public about the background and impact of such events.
Consumer protection: Consumer journalism promotes the protection of consumers' interests and encourages responsible consumer behaviour.
Online platforms: Consumer journalism has also had a strong presence on online platforms and social media in recent years. Consumers can access advice and information on websites, blogs and social networks.
Consumer journalism plays an important role in balancing the information asymmetry between businesses and consumers and helping consumers make informed choices. It contributes to the promotion of consumer rights and the protection of consumer interests by providing an independent and critical perspective on the market.
Consumer journalism plays an important role in balancing information asymmetry between business and consumers and helping consumers make informed choices.